Coke oven



May 28, 1929. VAN ACKEREN 1,714,933

COKE OVEN Filed April 13, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l I VEN T0 TnmdA? 40.

ATTORNEYS.

May 28, 1929. J. VAN ACKERE N coxEovEN Filed April 13, 1926 2Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS.

Patented May 28, 1929.

JOSEPH VAN AGKEREN, OLE PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THEIIOPPERS COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.

COKE oven,

Application filed. April 13, 1926.

My invention comprehends improvements of general utility in the cokeoven art and also comprehends certain improvements especially applicableto coke ovens of the well known regenerative cross-over type exemplifiedin the patent to Becker1,374,576, granted April 12, 1921.

In ovens of the latter type in which each heating wall is provided withvertical combustion flues communicating through regulatable ports attheir tops with horizontal flues, each horizontal flue respectivelyconnecting a group of vertical flues and being itself connected aboutthe oven chamber with r a corresponding horizontal flue in the oppositeheating wall, that portion of the heating wall lying between thevertical and horizontal flues and in which the ports between them arelocated is ordinarily made of thicker brick than the portions of thewall in which the vertical and horizontal flues proper are located sincethe ports must be relatively small in cross-sectional area as comparedwith the corresponding area of the flues and must be partially closed byslidable and adjustable bricks to permit regulation of the flow wherebythe combustion in each vertical flue'may be adequately regulated toeffect a'uniform distribution of heat across the entire heating wall.Due to the thickening of the wall brickwork adjacent the ports theheating effect over the corresponding oven surface of the wall isdiminished below both that of the vertical flue portion and that of thehorizontal flue portion. so that black spots and improper coking of theoven charge in this region are apt to occur, necessitating either alonger coking period than is required for the main portion of the chargeoiless efiicient coking in this region.

If, as has been proposed, it is attempted to overcome these diflicultiesby dividing the port for each flue into three sections, one a centralregulatable portion similar to, though smaller than, the usual port, andtwo side portions each extending along the side of the oven chamber inthe plane of and for the full extent of the flue side below it, the sideportions of the port being made of such width as to maintain inconjunction with the central portion the aggregate port area of the sameorder of magnitude as where a single central port is en'iployed, thenthe side portions of the port must be so narrow that no flame but onlywaste gases from the vertical Serial No. 101,672.

flue below can pass through them and coking in the adjacent region ofthe chamber becomes less eflicient. Also, since the velocity of the flowthrough the horizontal flue and consequently through the ports ismaterially greater near the center portion of the wall, or point ofreversal, it becomes necessary in constructions of the type indicated tomake the side portions of the ports progressively narrower from the endsof the wall to its center in order that the desired heat distributionacross the wall may be obtained, but since these side portions are outof line with the sight openings in the oven top they cannot be regulatedby sliding bricks or the like and therefore the attempt must be made inbuilding the battery to give these side portions.

deposits form on the sides of the ports. Such deposits are difficult toremove and by modifying the size of, or even plugging up the portsrender still more impracticable the regulation desired.

I overcome all of the difliculties encountered in the prior artpractices hereinbefore enumerated by suspending, as it were, myhorizontal flue in the tops of the vertical fines of a heating wall andby employing only a single port between each vertical flue and itshorizontal flue located preferably in the top of the latter rather thanits bottom as has heretofore been the practice. Since my vertical flueextends continuously on each side of its horizontal flue and is ofsufficient cross-sectional area and width at all points to permitcombustion to take place throughout its entire height no dark spots canbe formed in the oven chamber in the region of the horizontal flue, andsince the products of combustion pass through a single regulatablc portdirectly below and in line with the inspection passages, permittingintelligent adjustment of the sliding brick, I am able to maintain flameheat throughout the entire height of the oven heating surface of thewall and can regulatethe heat intensity 'to any desired degree inaccordance with the conditions actually found to exist. over, I haveremoved the horizontal flue whose heating effect it is impossible toregulate'from its position in the prior art contiguous to the cokingchamber and have isolated it altogether therefrom and effect the heatingof the wall in this region, instead, by a prolongation of the flueitself which in my system is entirely regulatable throughout its extent.I further provide. for the regulation to be effected outside rather thaninside the horizontal flue whereby interference with flow in thehorizontal flue is avoided. This I am able to accomplish be cause by myspecial arrangement of vertical and horizontal flues it is possible tolocate the sliding bricksemployed for regulation in the top of thevertical lines and over the 'port leading into thehorizontal flue, whereas in prior practice it was necessary to locate said bricks in thehorizontal flue itself.

My construction, moreover, resultstin the strengthening of the wallstructure and renders possible the building of the walls and cokingchambers to a greater height, as set forth more at length in mycopending application Serial No. 101,671, filedApril 13,

advantages in construction and operation as are found to obtain in thestructure and devices hereinafter described or claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification andshowing for purposes of exemplification a preferred form and manner inwhich the invention may be embodied and practiced, but without limitingthe claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance orinstances:

Figure 1 is a vertical section transverse of the battery through aheating wall and regcnerator chamber on the line 11 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 2 is a composite longitudinal vertical section of a portion of thebattery on the lines A and B respectively of Fig. 1,-

Fig. 3 is a partial transverse vertical section on the line 33 of Fig. 4showing in detail the upper portion of the flues, a horizontal flue andinspection passages,

Moreof the drawings.

' Fig. 4 is'a partial vertical section on the line H of Fig. 3 showingin detail the same features in transverse section, and

Fig. 5 is a partialhorizontal section on the lines 55 of Figs. 3 and 4.

The same characters'of reference indicate the same parts in each of theseveral views In the specific embodiment illustrated in the drawings,the invention is incorporated in a combination coke oven battery of thewell known Becker type above identified.

Referring to the drawings there are illus- ,trated' views of a coke ovenbattery or plant of this type comprising a plurality of crosswiseelongated heating walls 11 and a plurality of intermediate crosswiseelongated vertical coking chambers 12 beneath which are the usual heavysupporting walls 13 and 13 and regenerator chambers 14 communieatingwith the flues of the heating walls through the ducts 15. There are alsopro- I vided coke oven gas duets 16 communicating through nozzles 17with the ducts 18 leading to the flues of the heating Walls, it beingunderstood thatthe ovenis operable alternatively on producer gasintroduced through the appropriate regenerators of the regenerativesystem or by coke oven gas introduced through the ducts 16.

Each heating wall 11 is provided with a plurality of vertical combustionfines 20 communicating at their tops with a horizontal flue 25, thehorizontal flue in turn being connected by a plurality of cross-overducts 40 with a similar horizontal flu'e in the heating wall on theopposite side of an adjacent oven chamber whereby the burnt gases fromthe up-burning flues of one side of the oven battery are conveyed to thedown-burning flues on the opposite side as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, andas is well understood in the art.

My invention involved herein, however, differs radically from prior artpractice in the manner in which the horizontal fine 25 in each heatingwall is connected to the vertical flues 20 and the manner in which thehorizontal and verticalflues are related to each other and to the wallstructure proper. In prior practice the vertical flues in each heatingwall terminated just below the horizontal flue and each vertical fluewas connected thereto by a port or ports in the bottom of the horizontalflue. These ports would necessarily not permit of the passage of flamebecause of their limited cross-sectional area and the fact that it wasundesirable to have flame in the horizontal flue itself since theheating effect of the latter could not be regulated. In my improvedconstruction I. in effect continue my vertical flues upward throughtheregion formerly occupied by the horizontal flue alone and in effectsuspend the horizontal flue within the tops of my vertical flues, asmore clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 4. This I accomplish by bridging thehorizontal flue between the .end walls of the respective vertical flues,free flue spaces 21 of suflicient width and cross-sectional area beingprovided at the sides of the horizontal flue to permit of the passage offlame without its being extinguished. The flue spaces 21 merge into asimilar free flue space 22 above the horizontal flue. Communicationbetween the tops of the vertical flues and the horizontal flue ispreferably obtained through ports 26 located in the top of thehorizontal flue, and not in its bottom as in prior practice. I alsoprefer to employ adjustable sliding bricks 27 located in the tops of thevertical flues for regulating the port openings, the ports and slidingbricks being respectively in ali nment with the several inspection oraccess flues 30, to facilitate regulation. In the bottom of thehorizontal flue I preferably provide inspection and access plugs 31,corresponding in number to the number of vertical flues. These plugs arepreferably normally provided with inspection openings 32. The accessflues 30, port 26, access and inspection plug 31, and gas nozzles 17 arepreferably in substantial vertical alignment whereby it is possible'byremoving the plug 31 to remove and replace the nozzles 17 to regulatethe gas flow or for other purposes.

In the operation of the oven the combustion gases are burnt upwards-inthe vertical flues in a wall on one side of an oven chamber, theproducts of combustion passing into the horizontal flue distributingthemselves therealong and thence passing through the several cross-overducts 40 to the other side of the oven chamber and into a similarhorizontal flue in the opposite wall, and thence downwardly through theflues of that wall. Since the several flues of a given wall occupydifferent relative positions as regards the inflow and outflow throughthe regenerators accurate regulation of the ports in the individualfluesof a given heating wall is essential. This regulation in my systemcan be very readily and accurately accomplished by adjustment of therespective sliding bricks 27 to eflect regulation of each individualflue in accordance with the actual conditions observed at the time.Since the entire coking surface of a heating wall is heated by thevertical flues only and since these flues are continuous from top tobottom and permit the presence ofv flame throughout, I can byappropriate regulation effect the desired degree of heat distributionover the entire heating surface of the wall which is impossible wheretheheating is done in part by the horizontal flue which cannot beregulated. The location of the sliding bricks in the top of the verticalflue also has the distinct advantage over prior constructions where itwas located in the horizontal flue that it does not restnct thecross-sectional area of the latter and thereby impede flow therethroughor "cause eddies which give rise to poor regulation. My simplifiedconstruction also results in a great increase in wall strength andpermits me to carry the vertical flue much higher than in ordinaryconstructions which in turn enables me to make the coking chambers ofgreater height, a very important consideration in modern coke ovenpractice.

I have disclosed my invention herein as applied more particularly to theBecker type of oven as illustrated, for instance, in his'patenthereinbefore identified. In my hereinbefore mentioned copendingapplication, I have shown the application andspecial utility of theinvention to coke ovens of the well known Koppers type and have directedthe claims of that application to the latter type of oven as well as tomore general aspects of my invention.

" The invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particularform of construction, but may be variously embodied within a the scopeof the claims hereinafter made. I claim:

1. In a coking oven, or the like, in combination: coking chambersalternating with heating walls; each heating wall being provided withvertical combustion flues and a horizontal flue in each heating wallpassingthrough the upper portions of and communicating with a pluralityof said vertical flues in the same wall therewith and duct meansconnecting said horizontal flue in one wall with said horizontal flue inanother of the heating walls.

2. In a coking oven, or the like, in combination: coking chambersalternating with heating walls; each heating wall being provided withcombustion flues and a connecting or end flue in each heating wallpassing through one end portion of and communicating with apluralityof'said combustion flues 1n the same wall therewith and ductmeans connecting said connecting or end flue in one wall with saidconnecting or end flue in another of the heating walls.

3. The combination as defined in claim 1 in which each of the horizontalflues is entirely surrounded in a'- plane transversely thereof, by eachvertical flue that it passes through in the same wall therewith.

4. The combination as defined in claim 2 in which each of the end fluesis entirely surrounded in a plane transversely thereof by eachcombustion flue that it passes through in the same wall therewith.

5. The combination as defined in claim 1 in which each of the horizontalflues is entirely surrounded in a plane transversely thereof by, andcommunicates through a port in its top side with, each vertical fluethat it passes through in the same wall therewith. 6. The combination asdefined in claim 2 in which each of the end flues is entirely surroundedin a plane transversely thereof by,

and communicates through a port in its side remote from the main bodyportions of the combustion fiues with, each combustion flue th at itpasses through in the same Wall there- Wit 1.

7. The combination as defined in claim 1 in which each of the horizontalflues is entirely surrounded .in a plane transversely thereof by, andcommunicates through a regulatable port in its top side with, eachvertical flue that it passes through in the same wall therewith; and inwhich means are provided for regulating the portsl 8. The combination asdefined in claim 2 in which each of the end fiues is entirely surroundedin a plane transversely thereof by, and communicates through aregulatable port in its side remote from the main body'portions of thecombustion fiues with, each combustion flue that it passes through inthe same heating Walls; each heating wall being provided with combustionfiues and a connecting or end flue in ieaeh heating Wall passing throughone end portion of and communieating with a plurality of the combustionfiues in the same wall therewith at said one end; duct means connectingsaid connecting or end flue in one Wall with said connecting or end fluein another of the heating walls; and means located in the combustionfines for regulating the degree of flow through said combustion fiuesand the connecting or end fiues.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto setmyhand.

JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN.

